osteoporosis
Osteoporosis quietly debilitates your bones, which can make you bound to encounter a bone crack (broken bone). You can forestall bone thickness misfortune with medicines and exercise. Get some information about a bone thickness test on the off chance that you're more than 65 or have a family background of osteoporosis.
क्या है ऑस्टियोपोरोसिस? (what Is Osteoporosis?)
हड्डियों का कमजोर होना ऑस्टियोपोरोसिस (Osteoporosis) कहलाता है। इस स्थिति में बोन मास डेंसिटी (BMD) कम हो जाती है, जिससे हड्डियों के फ्रैक्चर होने का खतरा बढ़ जाता है। बीएमडी लॉस के पहले लेवल को 'ऑस्टियोपेनिया' (osteopenia) के रूप में जाना जाता है। यदि समय पर इसका निदान करके इलाज ना शुरू किया जाए, तो ऑस्टियोपोरोसिस होने का खतरा बढ़ जाता है। वैसे तो ऑस्टियोपोरोसिस 50 वर्ष से अधिक उम्र की महिलाओं में अधिक होता है, लेकिन अब यह पुरुषों के साथ ही कम उम्र के लोगों को भी होने लगा है। ऑस्टियोपोरोसिस सिर्फ कैल्शियम की कमी के कारण ही नहीं होता है। महिलाओं में, एस्ट्रोजन बीएमडी लेवल को बनाए रखने के लिए बहुत महत्वपूर्ण है। रजोनिवृत्ति (Post-menopausal) के बाद शरीर में एस्ट्रोजन लेवल कम होने से बीएमडी में तेजी से गिरावट आती है। बदलती जीवनशैली, खराब खान-पान की आदतें, अनुवांशिकता के साथ ही एक्सरसाइज में कमी ऑस्टियोपोरोसिस होने के मुख्य कारक हैं।
What is osteoporosis?
Osteoporosis is an illness that debilitates your bones. It makes your bones more slender and less thick than they ought to be. Individuals with osteoporosis are considerably more liable to encounter broken bones (bone breaks).
Your bones are generally thick and sufficiently able to help your weight and retain most sorts of effects. As you age, your bones normally lose a portion of their thickness and their capacity to regrow (rebuild) themselves. On the off chance that you have osteoporosis your bones are considerably more delicate than they ought to be, and are a lot more fragile.
A great many people don't realize they have osteoporosis until it makes them break a bone. Osteoporosis can make any of your bones bound to break, however the most normally impacted bones incorporate your:
Hips (hip cracks).
Wrists.
Spine (cracked vertebrae).
The sooner a medical care supplier analyze osteoporosis, the more uncertain you are to encounter bone cracks. Get some information about really looking at your bone thickness, particularly in the event that you're north of 65, have had a bone crack after age 50, or somebody in your natural family has osteoporosis.
How normal is osteoporosis?
In excess of 50 million individuals in the U.S. live with osteoporosis.
Osteoporosis is normal in individuals north of 50. Specialists gauge that portion surprisingly doled out female upon entering the world and 1 of every 4 individuals allocated male upon entering the world north of 50 have osteoporosis.
Investigations have discovered that 1 out of 3 grown-ups north of 50 who don't have osteoporosis yet have some level of decreased bone thickness (osteopenia). Individuals with osteopenia have early indications of osteoporosis. On the off chance that it's not treated, osteopenia can become osteoporosis.
What are osteoporosis side effects?
Osteoporosis doesn't have side effects the manner in which loads of other ailments do. That is the reason medical care suppliers some of the time call it a quiet illness.
You won't feel or notice whatever that signals you could have osteoporosis. You will not have a migraine, fever or stomachache that tells you something in your body is off-base.
The most well-known "side effect" is out of nowhere breaking a bone, particularly after a little fall or minor mishap that generally wouldn't hurt you.
Despite the fact that osteoporosis doesn't straightforwardly cause side effects, you could see a couple of changes in your body that can mean your bones are losing strength or thickness. These admonition indications of osteoporosis can include:
Losing an inch or a greater amount of your level.
Changes in your regular stance (stooping or twisting forward more).
Windedness (assuming circles in your spine are adequately compacted to lessen your lung limit).
Lower back torment (torment in your lumbar spine).
Seeing changes in your own actual appearance may be hard. A friend or family member might be bound to see changes in your body (particularly your level or stance). Individuals here and there kid about more established grown-ups "contracting" as they age, yet this can be an indication that you ought to visit a medical services supplier for a bone thickness test.
What causes osteoporosis?
Osteoporosis occurs as you age and your bones lose their capacity to regrow and change themselves.
Your bones are living tissue like some other piece of your body. It probably won't seem like it, yet they're continually supplanting their own cells and tissue all through your life. Up until about age 30, your body normally fabricates more bone than you lose. After age 35, bone breakdown happens quicker than your body can supplant it, which causes a continuous deficiency of bone mass.
On the off chance that you have osteoporosis, you lose bone mass at a more noteworthy rate. Individuals in postmenopause lose bone mass much quicker.
Osteoporosis risk factors
Anybody can foster osteoporosis. A few gatherings are bound to encounter it, including:
Anybody north of 50.
Individuals doled out female upon entering the world (AFAB), particularly individuals AFAB in postmenopause.
Individuals with a family ancestry (on the off chance that somebody in your natural family has osteoporosis).
Individuals who are normally slight or who have "more modest casings." Individuals with more slender heights frequently have less regular bone mass, so any misfortunes can influence them more.
Individuals who smoke or use tobacco items.
Some ailments can make you bound to foster osteoporosis, including:
Endocrine problems — any condition that influences your parathyroid organs, thyroid organ and chemicals (like thyroid illness and diabetes).
Gastrointestinal illnesses (like celiac infection and provocative inside sickness [IBD]).
Immune system problems that influence your bones (like rheumatoid joint pain or ankylosing spondylitis — joint pain that influences your spine).
Blood issues (or tumors that influence your blood like various myeloma).
A few drugs or surgeries can build your gamble of osteoporosis:
Diuretics (prescriptions that bring down your pulse and clear additional liquid from your body.
Corticosteroids (meds that treat irritation).
Meds used to treat seizures.
Bariatric (weight reduction) medical procedure.
Chemical treatment for disease (counting to treat bosom malignant growth or prostate malignant growth).
Anticoagulants.
Proton siphon inhibitors (like those that treat indigestion, which can influence your calcium assimilation).
Certain parts of your eating regimen and work-out routine can make you bound to foster osteoporosis, including:
Not getting sufficient calcium or vitamin D in your eating routine.
Not getting sufficient actual activity.
Routinely drinking liquor (multiple beverages each day).
Finding and Tests
How is osteoporosis analyzed?
A medical care supplier will determine osteoporosis to have a bone thickness test. A bone thickness test is an imaging test that actions the strength of your bones. It utilizes X-beams to quantify how much calcium and different minerals are in your bones.
Medical care suppliers some of the time allude to bone thickness tests as DEXA examines, DXA outputs or bone thickness filters. These are various names that allude to a similar test.
A bone thickness test utilizes low degrees of X-beams to gauge the thickness and mineral substance of your bones. It's like a commonplace X-beam. It's a short term strategy, and that implies you will not need to remain in the emergency clinic. You can return home when you finish your test. There are no needles or infusions in this test.
Checking for changes in your bone thickness is the most effective way to get osteoporosis before it causes a bone crack. Your supplier could recommend you get normal bone thickness tests on the off chance that you have a family background of osteoporosis, assuming you're north of 50, or you have osteopenia.
The executives and Treatment
How is osteoporosis treated?
Your medical services supplier will recommend a blend of therapies that stoppage your bone misfortune and reinforce your current bone tissue. The main piece of treating osteoporosis is forestalling bone breaks.
The most widely recognized osteoporosis medicines include:
Work out: Normal activity can fortify your bones (and all the tissue associated with them, similar to your muscles, ligaments and tendons). Your supplier could propose weight-bearing activity to fortify your muscles and train your equilibrium. Practices that make your body neutralize gravity like strolling, yoga, Pilates and jujitsu can work on your solidarity and equilibrium without putting an excessive amount of weight on your bones. You could have to work with an actual specialist to find activities and developments that are ideal for you.
Nutrient and mineral enhancements: You could require over-the-counter or solution calcium or vitamin D enhancements. Your supplier will let you know which type you want, how frequently you ought to take them and which dose you'll require.
Meds for osteoporosis: Your supplier will let you know which remedies will turn out best for yourself as well as your body. The absolute most normal drugs suppliers use to deal with osteoporosis incorporate chemical treatments like substitution estrogen or testosterone and bisphosphonates. Individuals with extreme osteoporosis or a high gamble of cracks could require prescriptions, including parathyroid chemical (PTH) analogs, denosumab and romosozumab. These meds are generally given as infusions.
Side effects (Symptoms)
There commonly are no side effects in the beginning phases of bone misfortune. However, when your bones have been debilitated by osteoporosis, you could have signs and side effects that include:
Back torment, brought about by a messed up or imploded bone in the spine.
Deficiency of level over the long run.
A stooped stance.
A bone that breaks significantly more effectively than anticipated.
Unchangeable dangers
Some gamble factors for osteoporosis are beyond your control, including:
Your sex. Ladies are substantially more prone to foster osteoporosis than are men.
Age. The more seasoned you get, the more prominent your gamble of osteoporosis.
Race. You're at most serious gamble of osteoporosis assuming you're white or of Asian plummet.
Family ancestry. Having a parent or kin with osteoporosis puts you at more serious gamble, particularly in the event that your mom or father cracked a hip.
Body outline size. People who have little body outlines will more often than not have a higher gamble since they could have less bone mass to draw from as they age.
Vitamin D
Vitamin D works on the body's capacity to assimilate calcium and works on bone wellbeing in alternate ways. Individuals can get a portion of their vitamin D from daylight, however this probably won't be a decent source in the event that you live in a high scope, assuming you're housebound, or on the other hand in the event that you consistently use sunscreen or stay away from the sun in light of the gamble of skin malignant growth.
Dietary wellsprings of vitamin D incorporate cod liver oil, trout and salmon. Many sorts of milk and cereal have been braced with vitamin D.
The vast majority need no less than 600 worldwide units (IU) of vitamin D daily. That suggestion increments to 800 IU a day after age 70.
Individuals without different wellsprings of vitamin D and particularly with restricted sun openness could require an enhancement. Most multivitamin items contain somewhere in the range of 600 and 800 IU of vitamin D. Up to 4,000 IU of vitamin D daily is alright for the vast majority.
